The radiation used in a standard chest X-ray is low and not harmful. Digital X-ray machines use the lowest level of radiation necessary to produce a clear picture.

For most X-rays, no special preparation is necessary. Patients may be asked to remove any metal items, such as jewellery and belts. Patients should let the doctor or technician know if they are pregnant.

A CT scan usually takes around 5–10 minutes. In some cases, a contrast dye may be given to highlight organs or blood vessels. Some patients may feel a brief warm sensation after contrast injection. Doctors may check kidney function before giving contrast.

MRI uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of organs, like the brain, spine, joints, and soft tissues. It is particularly useful for diagnosing neurological conditions, spinal problems, ligament injuries, and tumours.

Patients often find MRI machines to be quite enclosed. Many machines are now wider, and patients can be provided with ear protection and relaxation assistance during their scan.

MRI is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy unless necessary. New implants and pacemakers are now compatible with MRI machines; however, patients must inform their medical team of any implants before their procedure.

DEXA scanning is a scanning procedure to check bone density and diagnose osteoporosis. DEXA scanning is usually recommended for postmenopausal women, elderly patients, and those with risk factors for poor bone density. The procedure is painless and quick.

Ultrasound is generally the first choice for imaging tests in pregnant women since it does not involve any radiation. The other imaging tests are done only when necessary.